Context

The Global Electric Vehicle (EV) Market is rapidly expanding and further group is exten in coming Years. % of all new cars sol items, 10 million cars, wee electric compared with 9%In 2021 and Less than 5% in 2020. [1] Regional, National, and Local Policies Continue to Drive Ev Sales, With Several Countries, ommitting to shift to 100% Electric Between 2025 to 2050.

The Power Rating and Availability of Ev Charging Infrastic, Also Known As Electric Vehicle Supply (Evse), Varies Significantly. ES that Today's Global Average Public CHARGING POWER CAPACITY PER ELECTRIC LIGHT-DUTY VEHICLLE IS Around 2.4 KILOWATTS (KW) Per EV, Ranging from 7 KW Per EV In Korea to Less than 1 KW Per EV In Other Countries Such as New Zealand and Australia. E from 1.5 To Over 350 KW and for Medium-andHeavy-DUTY, 20 KW to Over 1 Megawatt (MW).

While New Ev-Related Loads Will Require Significant Grid Investments, Many Studies and Demonstrations and Some Commercial Applications Have Explore or DEM OnStrate The Potential for EVS to Proved Grid Services Such as Flexibility or Even Back-Up Power Services.

Working Group Objective and Scope

This working group will summarize the Currentues of EVS and EVSE in the Operations and Market Optimization of the WHOLESALE POWER GRID Across Several RegionsPune Wealth Management. Evaluation Will Explore Current Eligible Services and Pricing Approaches, Participant Roles, Requisite Technolog and Regulating FAMEWORKS ESE Uses. The final news provides insight insto both the command and unique elements of evice and provide a framework for assessity future sture Andardization of EV Integration. The final report will obEAS of Need for Future Assessment for the.

The Working Group is Launches in Q3 of 2022 and Currently Consist of Nine Members from Seven Countries, Including Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, France, GERMANY, I. i I, i I, I. i I, i I, I. i I. NDIA, Russia and the United States. The working group has started to collect information among the work groupCountries and regions, with a focus on:

Status on EV and Evse Technology Deployments and Grid Integration

EV-Related Regulation and Policies Influencing EV and EVSE Deployment and Operation

Relevant Market and Grid Operator Rules for EV Integration, and

Stakeholder Engagement Models for EV-Related Services

In Addition to Researching Information for the Countries of the Working Group Members, the working group will survey administic G INFORMATION and Summarizing Ev Integrating Approaches Across Countries and Regions, The Working Group Will Note Communications in APPROACHES, Wi Thin theContext of the Differing Levels of deployment for EV and Evse with the Regions. The Team Willow A Handful of Use Cases Case Might Be Driving Th E Commonalities and Variations in EV Integration APPROACHES and Summarize A Handful of Relevant Demonstrations to Illustrate Future ApproachesThe Team Will then Propose a Framework for Assessing The Potential Future Standardization of EV Integration. Nical Brochare and An Executive Summary in Electra and PROVIDE A Tutorial and Webinar.

The working group has been collecting information and is preparation to launch a survey to gather information n early next year.

Initial observations

Three Regions CurrenTly Account for the Majority of Ev Sales -CHINA, EUROPE and the United States. WHILE EV SALES Are Low in Other Regions, some Markets are showing si gnificant Growth in Sales. For exmple, EV Sales in India Doubled Between Q1 2023 and Q12022. [3]

Regional, National and Local Policy Has Played A Significant Role in EV AdOption and EVSE DEPLOYMENT. DUTY VEHICLES in 2022 WERE Influiced by Policies Incentiving Ev Adoption. [4] SUCH POLICIESOFTEN Are Geared Toward Promotion Faster Adoption or DePlayment But Also Directly or Indirectly Influence Ev and Evse Capabilities. Quire or Incent EVSE that Have Smart-Charging or Bi-Directional Capabilities.EVSE Power Ratings and Resulting Grid Loads. The Eu Council, for Example, Passed Legislation that Will Charging Plazas Every 60 KM Be Installed Along Certain H IGHWAYS BY 2025. These Plazas Must have a Minimum Capacity of 400 KW and at Least One 150 KW or ORAbove CHARGER for Light-DUTY VEHICLES and 600 KW Capacity for Heavy-DUTY VEHICLES. [6]

FURTHER Research Will Be ConduCted by the Working Group; However, It Appears that Many Countries and Regions with Significant EV AdOTNOTION DEFINED MARKET RULES Specific to EVS NOR BROADLY DEPLED Market-Based ApProaches to EV Integration. Rather, Those Commercially Active EVCharging and Energy Management Services that Exist Today Largely on Customer Cost Reduction Based On Utility Tariffs and In Somerses Respond ATION Or Command-And-Control Signals to Maximize Renewable Energy Use or Increase "Hosting" CaPacity for Electrify Loads or Renewables.In Addition, Many Grid Operators are Still Largely Focused on Grid Integration at the distribution level and ensuring Sufficient Capacity to transfer; Hance Ev-Related Information, Monitoring and Management; Andmenting the Capabilities and Performance of Evs or EV Aggregations.

That SAID, Several Studies and Pilots Have Been or Are Being Conductucting to Better UNDERSTAND The POTENTIAL EVS Integration Intoles ORARETS ORANGET-B. ASED APPROACHES. FURTHERMORE, MANY of the Actions to Integrate Distributed Energy Resources (DERS) Will Play a Significant RoleleIn AIDING The Integrating Evs or EV Aggregations Into WHOLESALE POWER MarketsGuoabong Stock. [7]

In Summary, there are ambitious targets to Deploy Evs and EVSES and Policies to Meet Those Targets are increasing the number of EVS Deployd The Capa. Bilities of event. However, Most Regions Appear to be Studying and Demonstrating Market-Based Integration, and inSOME CASES NON-MARET Integration. FURTHERMORE, It Appears that Challenges Must be addressed BeFore Market-Based Services Will Be Feasible. Ing Metering and Visibility of Evs and Evse Loads (or SUPPL) and DEPLOYING The Capability to Aggregate and Manage Ev Loads(OR SUPPLY) for Grid Use. FURTHERMORE, in some cases, Grid Operators are unsure or SKEPTICAL of What Price APPROPRIATELY EVONERS TO BROADLI Pate in Markets and What PRICES or PARTICIPATION Levels Will Achieve Reliable Or Consistent Performance. That Said, CommercialSoftware Program are avcuessful supporting EV Grid Integration or Even Renegrating with Evs. Their user is not Yet Widespray, and Hey General Do Not Use Use Market-Based Approaches. Finally, Efforts to Integrate Ders InTo WHOLESALE Markets Are A Significant Pathway forenabling Ev-Based Services via WHOLESALE Markets.

[1] International Energy Agency, "Global Ev Outlook 2023," April 2023. Available Online at

[2] IBID.

[3] IBID

[4] IBID

[5] SEE for Example, PROPOSED CHANGES to Energy Performance Buildings Directive for New and Majorly Renovated Buildings that Would Require Charging Points to be le

[6] See Article, "New Eu Law Requires Fast-Charging Stations at Everyters by the End of 2025" Published Jury 27, 2023 On the World Economic FORUM Website. AV. AILBLE Online AT

[7] SEE for Example, Independent System Operators and Regional Transmission Organization (ISO/RTO) Wholesale Market Rules Specific to DESPONSE to Ferc Order A Ferc Order 2222 Fact Sheet is available online at